Health Promotion Strategies
Course readings and resources
Week 1: Introduction to course
Week 2: Introduction HP practice
Week 3: Introduction to the Intervention Mapping Approach
Roles of values, evidence and theory in HP practice (not covered in 2012)
Week 4: IMA Step 1: Socio-ecological needs assessment
Week 5: IMA Step 2: Preparing matrices of change objectives
Week 6: Individual change strategies (including health education & health communication)
Reading Week: February 20-24
Week 7: Socio-environmental changes strategies: Organizatinal development & change
Week 8: Social-environmental change strategies: Community organization & community building
Week 9: Social-environmental change strategies: Healthy public policy & advocacy
Week 10: IMA Step 3: Selecting theory-informed intervention methods & practical strategies
Week 11: IMA Steps 4: Producing program components & materials
Week 12: IMA Steps 5: Adoption, implmentation & sustainability of HP interventions
Week 13: IMA Step 6: Evaluation in HP practice & course integration

Roles of values, evidence and theory in HP practice (not covered in 2012)

Preparation for Week #4
1.     Re: values in health promotion: DO ONE (OR MORE) OF THE FOLLOWING EXERCISES
b.     OR Compile an inventory of “health promotion values” and rate/rank their importance
c.     OR Use the exercise in the following article to help clarify your career direction by more clearly articulating your professional purpose and values: Cooper, H., & Cottrell, R. (2010). Charting Your Career Path through Clear Professional Values and Purpose. Health Promotion Practice, 11(1), 13-15. http://journals1.scholarsportal.info.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/details.xqy?uri=/15248399/v11i0001/13_cycptcpvap
2.     Re: the role of evidence in health promotion practice: Explore PHAC’s website: “Canadian Best Practices Portal for Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention” http://cbpp-pcpe.phac-aspc.gc.ca/. In particular, explore the following:
a.     The various search functions associated with the Portal’s “Interventions-at-a-Glance” (http://cbpp-pcpe.phac-aspc.gc.ca/intervention/list
b.     The suggested resources for each of the 8 elements of PHAC’s Population Health Template (http://cbpp-pcpe.phac-aspc.gc.ca/population_health/index-eng.html)
c.     The 13 websites of systematic reviews of evidence associated with the Portal http://cbpp-pcpe.phac-aspc.gc.ca/systematic_review-eng.html,
 
3.     Re. the role of theory in health promotion practice:  
a.     List the theories with which you are familiar?
b.     Which theories do you favour—and why?
c.     Which theories do you tend to reject—and why?
d.     What do you understand by the concept “theory”?
e.     To what extent are you able to cluster theories into “levels”?
Class Topics
 
1.     Role of values and ethics in health promotion practice
a.     Meaning of “values” in health promotion practice
b.     Multiple roles of values in HP practice
c.     Tensions between values and other foundations of best practices (e.g., evidence) in health promotion
d.     Tensions among competing (health promotion) values
2.     Issues related to the role of evidence in health promotion practice decision-making
a.     The meaning of “evidence” in health promotion practice
b.     Existing evidence re. the effectiveness of HP
c.     Resources re. evidence re. the effectiveness of health promotion
3.     Issues related to the use of theory and theories in health promotion practice
a.     Meanings and definitions of “theory”
b.     Uses of theory
c.     “Theories of the issue/problem (etiology)” versus “theories of change/influence (response)”
d.     Types and “levels” of theories
Required readings from course textbooks
 
1.     Bartholomew et al. (2006): Chapter 2
2.     Glanz et al. (2008): Chaps.: 2, 7, 12, 17, 22 (summary chapters re. theories)

 
Role of values in health promotion practice
Additional required readings re. role of ethics in health promotion practice e
1.     Priority article:  Edwards, N. C., & Davison, C. M. (2008). Social justice and core competencies for public health. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 99(2), 130-132. http://proquest.umi.com.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/pqdlink?did=1470315511&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=12520&RQT=309&VName=PQD ;
2.     Priority article: Gregg, J., & O'Hara, L. (2007). Values and principles evident in current health promotion practice. Health Promotion Journal of Australia, 18(1), 7-11. http://usc-au.academia.edu/LilyOHara/Papers/146634/Values_and_principles_evident_in_current_health_promotion_practice   
3.     Mittelmark, M. B. (2008). Setting an ethical agenda for health promotion. Health Promot. Int., 23(1), 78-85. http://resolver.scholarsportal.info.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/resolve/09574824/v23i0001/78_saeafhp&form=pdf&file=file.pdf ;
4.     Rychetnik, L., & Wise, M. (2004). Advocating evidence-based health promotion: reflections and a way forward. Health Promotion International, 19(2), 247-257. (http://resolver.scholarsportal.info.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/resolve/09574824/v19i0002/247_aehpraawf&form=pdf&file=file.pdf )
5.     Priority article:  Tannahill, A. (2008). Beyond evidence—to ethics: a decision-making framework for health promotion, public health and health improvement. Health Promot. Int., 23(4), 380-390. http://heapro.oxfordjournals.org.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/cgi/reprint/23/4/380
 
 
Additional recommended reading re. values and ethics
1.     Priority article: Buchanan, D. R. (2006). A New Ethic for Health Promotion: Reflections on a Philosophy of Health Education for the 21st Century. Health Education & Behavior, 33(3), 290-304. http://heb.sagepub.com.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/cgi/reprint/33/3/290
a.     Allegrante, J. P. (2006). Commentary: In Search of a New Ethic for Health Promotion. Health Education & Behavior, 33(3), 305-307. http://heb.sagepub.com.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/cgi/reprint/33/3/305
b.     Buchanan, D. R. (2006). Rebuttal: Further Reflections on a New Ethic for Health Promotion. Health Education & Behavior, 33(3), 308-308. http://heb.sagepub.com.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/cgi/reprint/33/3/308
2.     Priority article: Hitlin, S., & Piliavin, J. A. (2004). Values: Reviving a dormant concept. Annual Review of Sociology, 30, 359-393. http://arjournals.annualreviews.org.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/doi/full/10.1146/annurev.soc.30.012703.110640
 
 

 
Role of evidence in health promotion practice

Required reading re. evidence-informed practice
1.     Priority article:  Brownson, R. C., Fielding, J. E., & Maylahn, C. M. (2009). Evidence-Based Public Health: A Fundamental Concept for Public Health Practice. Annual Review of Public Health, 30(1), 175-201. http://arjournals.annualreviews.org.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.publhealth.031308.100134 
2.     Priority article: Eakin, J. M., & Mykhalovskiy, E. (2003). Reframing the evaluation of qualitative health research: reflections on a review of appraisal guidelines in the health sciences. J Eval Clin Pract, 9(2), 187-194. http://www3.interscience.wiley.com.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/cgi-bin/fulltext/118896029/PDFSTART
3.     Green, L. W., Ottoson, J. M., García, C., & Hiatt, R. A. (2009). Diffusion Theory and Knowledge Dissemination, Utilization, and Integration in Public Health. Annual Review of Public Health, 30(1), 151-174. http://arjournals.annualreviews.org.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.publhealth.031308.100049 
4.     Priority article: Lomas, J., & Brown, A. D. (2009). Research and advice giving: A functional view of evidence-informed policy advice in a Canadian Ministry of Health. The Milbank Quarterly, 87(4), 903-926. http://journals2.scholarsportal.info.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/details.xqy?uri=/0887378x/v87i0004/903_raagafiacmoh.xml
 
 
Additional recommended readings the role of evidence in health promotion practice
 
Re. The Role of Evidence In Health Promotion Practice Decision-making
1.     Priority article: Koelen, M. A., Vaandrager, L., & Colomer, C. (2001). Health promotion research: dilemmas and challenges. J Epidemiology and Community Health, 55(4), 257-262. http://jech.bmj.com.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/cgi/reprint/55/4/257?maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&author1=Koelen&andorexactfulltext=and&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=0&sortspec=relevance&volume=55&firstpage=257&resourcetype=HWCIT 
2.     Priority article: McQueen, D. V. (2001). Strengthening the evidence base for health promotion. Health Promotion International, 16(3), 261-268. http://resolver.scholarsportal.info.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/resolve/09574824/v16i0003/261_stebfhp&form=pdf&file=file.pdf
3.     Rimer, B. K., Glanz, K., & Rasband, G. (2001). Searching for evidence about health education and health behavior interventions. Health Education & Behavior, 28(2), 231-248.  http://heb.sagepub.com.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/cgi/reprint/28/2/231 
 
Recommended readings re. the assessment, synthesis, and utilization of evidence in health promotion and public health practice
 
Re. The Assessment, Synthesis, and Utilization of Evidence in Health Promotion and Public Health Practice 
1.     Jackson, N., & Waters, E. (for the Guidelines for Systematic Reviews in Health Promotion and Public Health Taskforce). (2005). Criteria for the systematic review of health promotion and public health interventions. Health Promot. Int., 20(4), 367-374. http://resolver.scholarsportal.info.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/resolve/09574824/v20i0004/367_cftsrohpaphi&form=pdf&file=file.pdf
2.     Lahtinen, E., Koskinen-Ollonqvist, P., Rouvinen-Wilenius, P., Tuominen, P., & Mittelmark, M. B. (2005). The development of quality criteria for research: a Finnish approach. Health Promot. Int., 20(3), 306-315. http://resolver.scholarsportal.info.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/resolve/09574824/v20i0003/306_tdoqcfrafa&form=pdf&file=file.pdf
3.     Kiefer, L., Frank, J., Ruggiero, E. D., Dobbins, M., Manuel, D., Gully, P. R., et al. (2005). Fostering Evidence-based Decision-making in Canada: Examining the Need for a Canadian Population and Public Health Evidence Centre and Research Network. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 96(3 (insert)), I-1 to I-19. http://proquest.umi.com.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/pqdlink?index=12&sid=1&srchmode=3&vinst=PROD&fmt=6&startpage=-1&clientid=12520&vname=PQD&RQT=309&did=844414391&scaling=FULL&ts=1137424021&vtype=PQD&aid=1&rqt=309&TS=1137424785&clientId=12520
4.     Rowling, L., & Jeffreys, V. (2006). Capturing complexity: integrating health and education research to inform health-promoting schools policy and practice. Health Educ. Res., 21(5), 705-718. http://her.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/21/5/705
5.     Ioannidis, J. P. A. (2005). Contradicted and initially stronger effects in highly cited clinical research. JAMA, 294(2), 218-228. http://ovidsp.tx.ovid.com.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/spb/ovidweb.cgi?&S=OOJFFPDJBCDDHLCCNCGLJEPJCANPAA00&Link+Set=S.sh.15.16.18%7c29%7csl_10
6.     Lavis, J. N., Posada, F. B., Haines, A., & Osei, E. (2004). Use of research to inform public policymaking. The Lancet, 364(9445), 1615. http://resolver.scholarsportal.info.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/resolve/01406736/v364i9445/1615_uortipp&form=pdf&file=file.pdf

 
Role of theory in health promotion practice

Additional required reading re. the roles of theory in health promotion practice
1.     Priority article:  (N) Glanz, K., & Bishop, D. B. (2010). The Role of Behavioral Science Theory in Development and Implementation of Public Health Interventions. Annual Review of Public Health, 31(1), 399-418. http://www.annualreviews.org.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.publhealth.012809.103604
2.     Hawe, P., Shiell, A., & Riley, T. (2009). Theorising Interventions as Events in Systems. American Journal of Community Psychology, 43(3-4), 267-276. http://resolver.scholarsportal.info.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/resolve/00910562/v43i3-4/267_tiaeis
3.     (N) Norman, C. D. (2009). Health promotion as a systems science and practice Health promotion as a systems science and practice. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice, 15(5), 868-872. http://journals2.scholarsportal.info.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/details.xqy?uri=/13561294/v15i0005/868_hpaassap.xml
4.     Priority article:  Parker, E. A., Baldwin, G. T., Israel, B., & Salinas, M. A. (2004). Application of Health Promotion Theories and Models for Environmental Health. Health Education & Behavior, 31(4), 491-509. http://heb.sagepub.com.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/cgi/reprint/31/4/491
5.     Pasick, R. J., Burke, N. J., Barker, J. C., Joseph, G., Bird, J. A., Otero-Sabogal, R., et al. (2009). Behavioral Theory in a Diverse Society: Like a Compass on Mars. Health Educ Behav, 36(5_suppl), 11S-35. http://heb.sagepub.com.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/cgi/reprint/36/5_suppl/11S
 
 
Additional recommended readings re. the role of theory in health promotion practice
 
General discussion
1.     Eriksson, M., & Lindstrom, B. (2008). A salutogenic interpretation of the Ottawa Charter. Health Promot. Int., 23(2), 190-199. http://heapro.oxfordjournals.org.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/cgi/reprint/23/2/127
2.     Noar, S. M., & Zimmerman, R. S. (2005). Health Behavior Theory and cumulative knowledge regarding health behaviors: are we moving in the right direction? Health Educ. Res., 20(3), 275-290. http://resolver.scholarsportal.info.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/resolve/02681153/v20i0003/275_hbtackwmitrd&form=pdf&file=file.pdf
 
 

Michael Goodstadt Ph.D., C.Psych. Director MPH Program in Health Promotion, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Canada m.goodstadt@utoronto.ca